Vane pumps are essential components in hydraulic systems, known for their efficiency, reliability, and versatility. These pumps operate based on the principle of positive displacement, effectively transferring fluids under various operating conditions. In this article, we will delve into the two main types of vane pumps commonly used in the hydraulic industry, discussing their designs, applications, and advantages.
External Vane Pumps:
External vane pumps, also known as rotary vane pumps, feature a cylindrical housing with an eccentrically placed rotor inside. The rotor contains several vanes, typically made of self-lubricating materials such as graphite or composite materials. The vanes are free to slide in and out of slots within the rotor, maintaining contact with the inner surface of the housing and creating chambers of varying volume.
As the rotor rotates, centrifugal force extends the vanes outward, maintaining contact with the housing wall. Fluid is trapped in the expanding chambers as they pass the pump’s inlet, and the decreasing chamber volume compresses the fluid, forcing it out through the outlet. External vane pumps are known for their simplicity, high efficiency, and ability to handle a wide range of viscosities. They are commonly used in applications such as automotive systems, power steering, and industrial machinery.
Internal Vane Pumps:
Internal vane pumps, also referred to as inside vane pumps, have a different design compared to external vane pumps. They feature a rotor with vanes that is placed inside a cam ring or stator. The cam ring has specially designed lobes or contours that control the movement of the vanes. As the rotor rotates, the vanes are pushed in and out due to the cam ring’s shape.
During the rotation, the vanes create expanding and contracting chambers within the rotor. Fluid enters the pump through the inlet port, filling the expanding chambers, and is then compressed as the chambers decrease in volume. The compressed fluid is forced out through the outlet port. Internal vane pumps offer advantages such as low noise levels, smooth operation, and the ability to handle high pressures. They are commonly used in applications requiring precise control, such as injection molding machines, machine tools, and hydraulic presses.
Comparison and Applications:
Both external and internal vane pumps have their unique characteristics and advantages, making them suitable for different applications within the hydraulic industry. External vane pumps are known for their simplicity, compact size, and versatility in handling a wide range of fluid viscosities. They are commonly used in automotive systems, mobile hydraulic equipment, and various industrial applications.
On the other hand, internal vane pumps excel in applications that require precise control, high pressures, and low noise levels. Their design allows for smooth operation, reduced pulsation, and the ability to handle demanding hydraulic systems. Internal vane pumps find applications in injection molding machines, hydraulic presses, industrial power units, and other equipment requiring accurate fluid flow control.
Conclusion:
Understanding the two types of vane pumps, external and internal, is crucial for professionals in the hydraulic industry to select the appropriate pump for their specific applications. External vane pumps offer simplicity, compactness, and versatility, while internal vane pumps provide precise control, high pressure capabilities, and low noise operation. By considering the design, advantages, and suitable applications of these vane pump types, hydraulic system designers and operators can make informed decisions to optimize system performance and efficiency.
POOCCA Hydraulic is a manufacturer with over 20 years of hydraulic experience, specializing in piston pumps, gear pumps, vane pumps, motors, hydraulic valves, etc. Among them, vane pumps include T6/T7 vane pumps, V/VQ vane pumps, PV2R, etc. If you are looking for hydraulic pumps, please feel free to inquire, and POOCCA will solve your email as soon as possible: 2512039193@qq.com
Post time: Jun-19-2023
